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Pandey BK, Rajesh S (2019) Enhanced engineering characteristics of soils by electro-osmotic treatment : an overview. Han J (2015) Research and development of ground column technologies. Hausmann MR (1990) Engineering principles of ground modification. This article summarizes the limitation and discovers the potential opportunities for future research and future collaborations. However, the improvement ratio increases at a rate of 1.6% for every 1% reduction in the length to diameter ratio. The stress concentration ratio decreases at a rate of 0.7–0.8% for every 1% reduction in the length to diameter ratio of the column. The study observed that the displacement method of column installation is most widely used in the field to construct the encased stone column. Further, the study also presents bibliometric network maps to recognize the global research trends based on the publication database. The outcome of the study is presented in terms of the load-transfer mechanism and the evolution of the stress concentration ratio, efficiency in improving the soft clay stresses developed in the encasement and mode of failure. The review aims to recapitulate basic details of the encased stone column (ESC) reinforced soil and enlist the outcomes obtained from the laboratory-based experimental, numerical and analytical studies. This paper presents a systematic review to explore the performance of the soft clay reinforced with an encased stone column.
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